About Myocardial infarction,

severe chest pain, rest and nitrates can not be completely alleviated, with increased white blood cells, fever, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum enzyme activity increased and the progressive ECG changes, may be complicated by arrhythmia, shock, or effort failure and other complications, often life-threatening. The disease most common in Europe and America, about 150 million people each year in the United States myocardial infarction. China in the world is a low incidence area, but also on the rise in recent years.

Myocardial infarction, coronary artery occlusion blood flow interruption, so that part of the persistence of myocardial ischemia due to severe local necrosis occurs. Clinically more severe and persistent chest pain, fever, leukocytosis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which increased serum enzyme activity and the progressive ECG changes, arrhythmias may occur, shock or heart failure.
Coronary atherosclerosis on the basis of plaque rupture complicated endovascular thrombosis or arterial intimal hemorrhage sustained spasm lasting rapidly and completely the lumen of the occlusion, such as the coronary arteries and other inter- previously not fully established collateral circulation in the arteries that supply can lead to severe myocardial ischemia lasting more than 1 hour that is induced myocardial necrosis in coronary atherosclerotic stenosis based on the occurrence of sudden drop in cardiac output (hemorrhagic shock or serious arrhythmias), or left ventricular load surge (severe physical activity, a sudden rise in blood pressure and emotional over-excitement or straining at stool), also can cause myocardial ischemia and myocardial necrosis in severe persistent meal (especially when eating large amounts of fat) increased blood lipid increased blood viscosity caused by local blood flow is slow platelet aggregation Erzhi easy thrombosis; sleep increased vagal tone during coronary artery spasm can be increased to an extent which rendered necrotic myocardial ischemia can occur in patients with frequent angina may also be in the original and in asymptomatic
If it were not itself have had congenital heart disease before myocardial ischemia should be!

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Unknown Myocardial Infarction

Common Myocardial Infarction Sympotoms

(1) pain: acute myocardial infarction in the first and most prominent symptoms appear, the typical site for the chest or heart until the anterior pharynx to the left shoulder, left arm radiation. Sometimes pain in the abdomen or xiphoid at the same time, often the back of the lower sternum does not feel oppressed, or accompanied by nausea, vomiting, common in inferior wall myocardial infarction. There is not a typical part of the right chest, jaw, neck, teeth, a rare head, legs and even toes thigh pain. The nature of strangulation-like pain or pressure pain, or tightening feeling, burning pain, often accompanied by irritability, sweating, fear, or sense of impending doom. Duration, often more than 30min, even up to more than 10 hours, rest and nitroglycerin are generally not alleviated.

A small number of patients with acute myocardial infarction without pain, but in heart failure, shock, sudden death and arrhythmia as the first symptom. No pain can also be found in the following cases: ① diabetes mellitus patients; ② the elderly; ③ after the onset of surgical anesthesia were acute myocardial infarction; ④ associated with cerebrovascular disease patients; ⑤ dehydration, acidosis patients.

(2) systemic symptoms: mainly fever, accompanied by tachycardia, increased leukocyte and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and rapid growth, due to necrosis caused by material absorption. Pain usually occurs after 24 ~ 48h, the degree of infarct often has a positive correlation, the upper and lower body temperature normally at 38 ℃, rarely more than 39 ℃, for 1 week or so.

(3) gastrointestinal symptoms: severe pain often accompanied by frequent nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, and myocardial necrosis vagus nerve stimulation and reduced cardiac output, tissue hypoperfusion and so on. Flatulence is not uncommon. Severe hiccups may occur.

(4) arrhythmia: found in 75% to 95% of patients, onset occurred within 1 to 2 weeks, and to 24h in most common, may be associated with fatigue, dizziness, fainting and other symptoms. The most common arrhythmia, especially ventricular premature beat, if the frequency of ventricular premature beat (5 times / min or more), in pairs or ventricular tachycardia was paroxysmal, multi-source or off the vulnerability of the previous stroke (RonT), often indicate an impending ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Some patients is the onset of ventricular fibrillation, can cause sudden cardiac death. Accelerated ventricular rhythm also occurred independently. Various degrees of atrioventricular block and bundle branch block are often seen in severe cases can be as complete atrioventricular block. Supraventricular arrhythmias are less common, occurs in persons with heart failure. Anterior myocardial infarction prone to ventricular arrhythmias; inferior wall myocardial infarction-prone atrioventricular block; anterior myocardial infarction event of atrioventricular block, indicating a wide range of infarct, and often accompanied by shock or heart failure, So serious, the prognosis is poor.

(5), hypotension and shock: pain period common blood pressure, if not the performance of micro-circulatory failure can only be known as hypotension. Such as pain relief and systolic blood pressure is still lower than 80mmHg, the patient irritability, pale, clammy skin, thin and fast pulse, sweating, decreased urine output (<20ml / h), slow mind, or even who was shock fainting performance. More than a few hours after the onset of shock to occur within 1 week, found 20% of patients, mainly cardiac, as myocardial extensive (40%) necrosis, a sharp decrease in cardiac output, caused by peripheral nerve reflex vasodilator for the secondary factors, some patients still lack factors involved in blood volume. Severe shock may die within a few hours, usually last a few hours to several days and can be repeated.

(6) heart failure: occurrence rate of 30% to 40%, this time left ventricular infarct size generally have> 20% for infarction significantly decreased myocardial contractility, ventricular compliance decreased, and myocardial contraction co-ordination. Mainly acute left heart failure, can occur in the pathogenesis of the first few days or in pain, shock improvement stages, but also sudden pulmonary edema as the initial performance. Patients had chest pressure, nausea, choking dyspnea, orthopnea, cough, sputum white or pink foam, sweating, cyanosis, irritability, etc., can cause severe neck vein distention, hepatomegaly, and edema, right heart failure performance. Right ventricular myocardial infarction may occur the outset the performance of right heart failure, with blood pressure.

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Unknown Myocardial Infarction, Symptoms

How do care Myocardial Infarction

(1) definitely not carrying too heavy to move items. Carrying heavy objects must bend when the breath-hold, which the respiratory, circulatory system and spurts of stool similar to coronary heart disease is the common cause of human induced myocardial infarction.

(2) low-salt, low calorie, low animal fat, low cholesterol diet, strict control of calories, fat intake, to prevent the body fat and blood lipids. Eat potassium-rich foods. Eat cold, spicy spicy food, no smoking, tea, espresso, liquor, and pepper.

(3) to ensure adequate sleep. Relax the spirit, a happy life. Be safe and effective aerobic exercise, such as walking, jogging, cycling, swimming and so on.

(4) Take a bath with particular attention. Do not eat too much or in the case of hunger bath. Water temperature and body temperature very best, hot water temperature can make a remarkable expansion of the skin blood vessels, a large number of blood flow to the surface, can cause heart and brain ischemia. Bath time should not be too long. Bathroom, hot and not the general ventilation, in such an environment the higher the human metabolism is very easy to hypoxia, fatigue, especially in elderly coronary heart disease. Coronary patients with more serious gum bath should be conducted with the help of others.

(5) climate change should be careful. Strong cold air in the cold or under the influence of coronary artery spasm and secondary thrombosis may be caused by acute myocardial infarction. Rapid climate change, continued cold, windy, rainy, is one of the incentives of acute myocardial infarction. So when the event of bad weather, to keep warm plus nitroglycerin or appropriate expansion of the highest class of drugs into the protection.

(6) The results show that aspirin can prevent heart attacks. High-risk groups (such as high blood pressure, family history, had suffered from myocardial infarction, etc.) may be appropriate to use.

The points are for reference only, do prevention and care in their daily work, contribute to disease treatment and rehabilitation. So people can not be ignored and the prevention of acute myocardial infarction care.

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Unknown Myocardial Infarction