Dengue fever is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes. It is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions including South East Asia, South Asia, the Pacific area, Africa and Central America.
Dengue fever presents with sudden onset of high fever, severe headache, eye pain, bone and muscle pain, and nausea and vomiting. Rash generally occurs three or four days later. The disease may present in a more severe form, dengue hemorrhagic fever, with bleeding and shock, which may be fatal.
The best way to prevent dengue fever is to take special precautions to avoid contact with mosquitoes. There are many methods of mosquito control, experts now recommended an "Integrated approach" that is an approach which tries to combine one or more methods with a view to obtaining maximum results with minimum input and also to prevent environmental pollution with toxic chemicals and development of insecticide resistance.
Prevention and Control
At present, the only method of preventing and controlling dengue fever is to eradicate the mosquito population. There are number of ways to combat the vector mosquitoes:
· Improved water storage practices. Cover all containers to prevent egg laying female mosquitoes access to it.
· Implement proper solid waste disposal.
· Eliminate any sources that may collect water such as tins, bottles, plastic food containers and old tires. Mosquitoes breed easily in any source of standing water.
· Appropriate insecticides, such as larvicide's can be added to water containers and man-made ponds. The insecticides can prevent mosquitoes breeding for several weeks.
· Always clean and check drains to ensure they are not blocked especially during the rainy season.
· Breed small mosquito-eating fishes in an artificial pond to eradicate the mosquito larvae.
· Avoid wearing dark and tight clothing because mosquitoes are attracted to dark colours. Wear loose, white and long clothes, which cover the whole body. Mosquitoes find it difficult to bite through loose clothes than tight fitting clothes.
· Environmental conditions. It is suggested to sleep under mosquito netting or in a room which has mosquito screens on the windows. Mosquitoes are unlikely to bite in an air-conditioned room and under strong fans. Mosquito coils are also useful to help prevent mosquitoes from entering the room.
· Avoid reduce outdoor activities during morning and late afternoon because Aedes mosquitoes are daytime feeders.
· Change at least once a week the water in flower vases and saucers of potted plants to prevent breeding of mosquito. The use of saucers should be avoided whenever possible.
· Keep all drains free from choke.
· Top up all defective ground surfaces to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.
· Stop storing water along morning walk trails or Government land for irrigation.
· Make large holes on tyres used as anti-bumping measure in garage or wrap them up with plastic cover to prevent water trapping or use mark(s) on the parking space to prevent bumping instead.
· Use mosquito screen to prevent the invasion of mosquito.
· Use insect repellents to provide temporary protection from mosquito bite.
· Use mosquito coils or aerosols to kill the mosquito directly.
Personal protective measures
Personal protective measures can greatly reduce the risk of being bitten. All varieties of mosquitoes breed in or near water that is stagnant or slow moving. The importance of mosquitoes in transmission of disease makes adequate control of mosquito-breeding sites very important, especially those close to human habitation.
· The use of mosquito deterrents in bedrooms is effective to reduce the number of mosquitoes in the room, but it does not prevent mosquito bites all together. The chemical deterrent is released through an electronically heated impregnated pad or gel, and its effectiveness depends largely on the size and ventilation of the room.
· Correct use of mosquito nets (essential if accommodation is not air- conditioned). For added protection for up to 3 months or longer, mosquito nets can be soaked in 1 % solution of PERMETHRIN (or other repellent / insecticide). If resident in a malaria area, curtains can be treated in a similar manner.
· Use of mosquito coils and "knockdown spray" (containing pyrethoids) - spray insecticide in cool dark places where mosquitoes lurk.
· Use of an effective mosquito repellent on exposed skin and clothing. DEET (diethylmethylbenzamide) is an effective safe component of good repellents. The actual concentration of DEET varies widely between different manufacturers, and can be as high as 90% (too high for safety). Choose a repellent with between 30-45% DEET and take the following precautions against adverse reactions:
Prevent spread of dengue within the house.
· Patients are advised to rest under a mosquito net or use mosquito repellents to prevent mosquito bites as they can be the source of dengue virus during this time.
· Family members should also take precautions to avoid mosquito bites and eliminate mosquito-breeding sites in and around their homes.
· Avoid unnecessary communication
Feeding Habit
· Day biter with increased biting activity 2 hours after sunrise and several hours before sunset.
· Mainly feeds on human beings in domestic and peridomestic situations
· Bites repeatedly
Resting Habit
Rests in the domestic and peridomestic situations
Rests in the dark corners of the houses, on hanging objects like clothes, umbrella, etc. or under the furniture
BREEDING HABITS
· Aedes aegypti mosquito breeds in any type of man made containers or storage containers having even a small quantity of water
· Eggs of Aedes aegypti can live without water for more then one year
FAVOURED BREEDING PLACES
Desert coolers, Drums, Jars, Pots, Buckets, Flower vases, Plant saucers, Tanks, Cisterns, Bottles, Tins, Tyres, Roof gutters, Refrigerator drip pans, Cement blocks, Cemetery urns, Bamboo stumps, Coconut shells, Tree holes and many more places where rainwater collects or is stored.
DONTS
If your platelets count is 50000 or below,
· Don’t brush your teeth
· Don’t shave
· Don’t cuts your nails
· Don’t do any act in which there is a chance of bleeding
“Because Aedes mosquitoes usually bite during the day, be sure to take precautions, especially during early morning hours before daybreak and in the late afternoon before dark.”
Dengue fever presents with sudden onset of high fever, severe headache, eye pain, bone and muscle pain, and nausea and vomiting. Rash generally occurs three or four days later. The disease may present in a more severe form, dengue hemorrhagic fever, with bleeding and shock, which may be fatal.
The best way to prevent dengue fever is to take special precautions to avoid contact with mosquitoes. There are many methods of mosquito control, experts now recommended an "Integrated approach" that is an approach which tries to combine one or more methods with a view to obtaining maximum results with minimum input and also to prevent environmental pollution with toxic chemicals and development of insecticide resistance.
Prevention and Control
At present, the only method of preventing and controlling dengue fever is to eradicate the mosquito population. There are number of ways to combat the vector mosquitoes:
· Improved water storage practices. Cover all containers to prevent egg laying female mosquitoes access to it.
· Implement proper solid waste disposal.
· Eliminate any sources that may collect water such as tins, bottles, plastic food containers and old tires. Mosquitoes breed easily in any source of standing water.
· Appropriate insecticides, such as larvicide's can be added to water containers and man-made ponds. The insecticides can prevent mosquitoes breeding for several weeks.
· Always clean and check drains to ensure they are not blocked especially during the rainy season.
· Breed small mosquito-eating fishes in an artificial pond to eradicate the mosquito larvae.
· Avoid wearing dark and tight clothing because mosquitoes are attracted to dark colours. Wear loose, white and long clothes, which cover the whole body. Mosquitoes find it difficult to bite through loose clothes than tight fitting clothes.
· Environmental conditions. It is suggested to sleep under mosquito netting or in a room which has mosquito screens on the windows. Mosquitoes are unlikely to bite in an air-conditioned room and under strong fans. Mosquito coils are also useful to help prevent mosquitoes from entering the room.
· Avoid reduce outdoor activities during morning and late afternoon because Aedes mosquitoes are daytime feeders.
· Change at least once a week the water in flower vases and saucers of potted plants to prevent breeding of mosquito. The use of saucers should be avoided whenever possible.
· Keep all drains free from choke.
· Top up all defective ground surfaces to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.
· Stop storing water along morning walk trails or Government land for irrigation.
· Make large holes on tyres used as anti-bumping measure in garage or wrap them up with plastic cover to prevent water trapping or use mark(s) on the parking space to prevent bumping instead.
· Use mosquito screen to prevent the invasion of mosquito.
· Use insect repellents to provide temporary protection from mosquito bite.
· Use mosquito coils or aerosols to kill the mosquito directly.
Personal protective measures
Personal protective measures can greatly reduce the risk of being bitten. All varieties of mosquitoes breed in or near water that is stagnant or slow moving. The importance of mosquitoes in transmission of disease makes adequate control of mosquito-breeding sites very important, especially those close to human habitation.
· The use of mosquito deterrents in bedrooms is effective to reduce the number of mosquitoes in the room, but it does not prevent mosquito bites all together. The chemical deterrent is released through an electronically heated impregnated pad or gel, and its effectiveness depends largely on the size and ventilation of the room.
· Correct use of mosquito nets (essential if accommodation is not air- conditioned). For added protection for up to 3 months or longer, mosquito nets can be soaked in 1 % solution of PERMETHRIN (or other repellent / insecticide). If resident in a malaria area, curtains can be treated in a similar manner.
· Use of mosquito coils and "knockdown spray" (containing pyrethoids) - spray insecticide in cool dark places where mosquitoes lurk.
· Use of an effective mosquito repellent on exposed skin and clothing. DEET (diethylmethylbenzamide) is an effective safe component of good repellents. The actual concentration of DEET varies widely between different manufacturers, and can be as high as 90% (too high for safety). Choose a repellent with between 30-45% DEET and take the following precautions against adverse reactions:
- apply sparingly and only to exposed skin
- never apply high concentrations to skin (use those for clothing)
- do not inhale / swallow repellent or get in eyes or mucous membranes
- do not apply to hands that may touch eyes or mouth
- do not apply to wounds, rashes, or abrasions
- wash repellent off after coming indoors to stay
- if skin starts to burn, wash repellent off and seek medical advice
Prevent spread of dengue within the house.
· Patients are advised to rest under a mosquito net or use mosquito repellents to prevent mosquito bites as they can be the source of dengue virus during this time.
· Family members should also take precautions to avoid mosquito bites and eliminate mosquito-breeding sites in and around their homes.
· Avoid unnecessary communication
Feeding Habit
· Day biter with increased biting activity 2 hours after sunrise and several hours before sunset.
· Mainly feeds on human beings in domestic and peridomestic situations
· Bites repeatedly
Resting Habit
Rests in the domestic and peridomestic situations
Rests in the dark corners of the houses, on hanging objects like clothes, umbrella, etc. or under the furniture
BREEDING HABITS
· Aedes aegypti mosquito breeds in any type of man made containers or storage containers having even a small quantity of water
· Eggs of Aedes aegypti can live without water for more then one year
FAVOURED BREEDING PLACES
Desert coolers, Drums, Jars, Pots, Buckets, Flower vases, Plant saucers, Tanks, Cisterns, Bottles, Tins, Tyres, Roof gutters, Refrigerator drip pans, Cement blocks, Cemetery urns, Bamboo stumps, Coconut shells, Tree holes and many more places where rainwater collects or is stored.
DONTS
If your platelets count is 50000 or below,
· Don’t brush your teeth
· Don’t shave
· Don’t cuts your nails
· Don’t do any act in which there is a chance of bleeding
“Because Aedes mosquitoes usually bite during the day, be sure to take precautions, especially during early morning hours before daybreak and in the late afternoon before dark.”
Anda baru saja membaca artikel yang berkategori Dengue Fever /
prevention /
protective
dengan judul Dengue fever Prevention and Control and Protective Measures. Anda bisa bookmark halaman ini dengan URL https://medipub.blogspot.com/2011/06/dengue-fever-prevention-and-control-and_05.html. Terima kasih!
Ditulis oleh:
Unknown - Sunday, 5 June 2011
