Edema
Lasix (furosemide) is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with
congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Lasix
(furosemide) is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Hypertension
Oral Lasix (furosemide) may be used in adults for the treatment of hypertension alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Hypertensive patients who cannot be adequately controlled with thiazides will probably also not be adequately controlled with Lasix (furosemide) alone.
SIDE EFFECTS
jaundice (intrahepatic cholestatic jaundice),increased liver enzymes,anorexia,oral and gastric irritation
cramping,diarrhea,constipation,nausea,vomiting,paresthesias,vertigo,dizziness,headache,blurred vision
xanthopsia,aplastic anemia,thrombocytopenia,agranulocytosis,hemolytic anemia,leukopenia,anemia,eosinophilia hyperglycemia,glycosuria,hyperuricemia,muscle spasm,weakness,restlessness,urinary bladder spasm, thrombophlebitis,fever
Warnings / Precautions
Frusemide should be used with caution in patients with any pre-existing liver or kidney disease, gout, diabetes, pancreatitis, lupus or allergy to sulfa drugs. This drug is not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation.Furosemide causes photosensitization, so use sunscreen and wear protective clothing. Do not use furosemide in the late afternoon or evening. Consult with the doctor regarding dosing schedule.
Pharmacology - Furosemide reduces the absorption of electrolytes in the ascending section of the loop of Henle, decreases the reabsorption of both sodium and chloride and increases the excretion of potassium in the distal renal tubule, and directly effects electrolyte transport in the proximal tubule. The exact mechanisms of
furosemide’s effects have not been established. It has no effect on carbonic anhydrase nor does it antagonize
aldosterone. Furosemide increases renal excretion of water, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, hydrogen, ammonium, and bicarbonate. It causes some renal venodilation and transiently increases glomerular filtration rates (GFR). Renal blood flow is increased and decreased peripheral resistance may occur. Furosemide can cause hyperglycemia, but to a lesser extent than the thiazides.
Dosage
Edema
Therapy should be individualized according to patient response to gain maximal therapeutic response and to
determine the minimal dose needed to maintain that response.
Adults
The usual initial dose of Lasix (furosemide) is 20 to 80 mg given as a single dose. Ordinarily a prompt diuresis
ensues. If needed, the same dose can be administered 6 to 8 hours later or the dose may be increased. The dose may be raised by 20 or 40 mg and given not sooner than 6 to 8 hours after the previous dose until the desired diuretic effect has been obtained. The individually determined single dose should then be given once or twice daily (e.g., at 8 am and 2 pm). The dose of Lasix (furosemide) may be carefully titrated up to 600 mg/day in patients with clinically severe edematous states.
Edema may be most efficiently and safely mobilized by giving Lasix (furosemide) on 2 to 4 consecutive days each week.
When doses exceeding 80 mg/day are given for prolonged periods, careful clinical observation and laboratory
monitoring are particularly advisable
Geriatric patients
In general, dose selection for the elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the
dosing range
Pediatric patients
The usual initial dose of oral Lasix (furosemide) in pediatric patients is 2 mg/kg body weight, given as a single
dose. If the diuretic response is not satisfactory after the initial dose, dosage may be increased by 1 or 2 mg/kg no sooner than 6 to 8 hours after the previous dose. Doses greater than 6 mg/kg body weight are not recommended. For maintenance therapy in pediatric patients, the dose should be adjusted to the minimum effective level.
Hypertension
Therapy should be individualized according to the patient's response to gain maximal therapeutic response and to determine the minimal dose needed to maintain the therapeutic response.
Adults
The usual initial dose of Lasix (furosemide) for hypertension is 80 mg, usually divided into 40 mg twice a day.
Dosage should then be adjusted according to response. If response is not satisfactory, add other antihypertensive agents.
Changes in blood pressure must be carefully monitored when Lasix (furosemide) is used with other antihypertensive
drugs, especially during initial therapy. To prevent excessive drop in blood pressure, the dosage of other agents should be reduced by at least 50 percent when Lasix (furosemide) is added to the regimen. As the blood pressure falls under the potentiating effect of Lasix (furosemide) , a further reduction in dosage or even discontinuation of other antihypertensive drugs may be necessary.
Interaction
Frusemide or Furosemide is known to interact with other drugs like Aliskiren, Amikacin (Sulphate), Arbekacin, Calcium Gluconate, Captopril, Cefaclor (Monohydrate), Cefazolin, Ceftizoxime (Na), Cephaloridine, Cephalothin (Na), Cephradine, Chloral Hydrate, Cisplatin, Clofibrate, Colestipol (HCl), Desonide, Diazoxide, Digoxin,Fludrocortisone (Acetate), Fluprednisolone, Flurbiprofen, Fluticasone Propionate, Gemfibrozil, Gentamicin, Hydrocortisone, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen, Lithium, Metformin (HCl), Metolazone, Milrinone (Lactate), Nabumetone,Naproxen, Pancuronium (Br), Phenytoin (Na), Prednisolone and Prednisone, Probenecid, Sodium Bicarbonate,Streptomycin, Terbutaline, Tobramycin, Triclofos (Na), Tubocurarine (Cl).These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Sources:
http://www.rxlist.com/lasix-drug.htm
http://www.elephantcare.org/Drugs/furosemi.htm
http://www.druginfosys.com
http://www.drugs.com
Lasix (furosemide) is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with
congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Lasix
(furosemide) is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.
Hypertension
Oral Lasix (furosemide) may be used in adults for the treatment of hypertension alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Hypertensive patients who cannot be adequately controlled with thiazides will probably also not be adequately controlled with Lasix (furosemide) alone.
SIDE EFFECTS
jaundice (intrahepatic cholestatic jaundice),increased liver enzymes,anorexia,oral and gastric irritation
cramping,diarrhea,constipation,nausea,vomiting,paresthesias,vertigo,dizziness,headache,blurred vision
xanthopsia,aplastic anemia,thrombocytopenia,agranulocytosis,hemolytic anemia,leukopenia,anemia,eosinophilia hyperglycemia,glycosuria,hyperuricemia,muscle spasm,weakness,restlessness,urinary bladder spasm, thrombophlebitis,fever
Warnings / Precautions
Frusemide should be used with caution in patients with any pre-existing liver or kidney disease, gout, diabetes, pancreatitis, lupus or allergy to sulfa drugs. This drug is not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation.Furosemide causes photosensitization, so use sunscreen and wear protective clothing. Do not use furosemide in the late afternoon or evening. Consult with the doctor regarding dosing schedule.
Pharmacology - Furosemide reduces the absorption of electrolytes in the ascending section of the loop of Henle, decreases the reabsorption of both sodium and chloride and increases the excretion of potassium in the distal renal tubule, and directly effects electrolyte transport in the proximal tubule. The exact mechanisms of
furosemide’s effects have not been established. It has no effect on carbonic anhydrase nor does it antagonize
aldosterone. Furosemide increases renal excretion of water, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, hydrogen, ammonium, and bicarbonate. It causes some renal venodilation and transiently increases glomerular filtration rates (GFR). Renal blood flow is increased and decreased peripheral resistance may occur. Furosemide can cause hyperglycemia, but to a lesser extent than the thiazides.
Dosage
Edema
Therapy should be individualized according to patient response to gain maximal therapeutic response and to
determine the minimal dose needed to maintain that response.
Adults
The usual initial dose of Lasix (furosemide) is 20 to 80 mg given as a single dose. Ordinarily a prompt diuresis
ensues. If needed, the same dose can be administered 6 to 8 hours later or the dose may be increased. The dose may be raised by 20 or 40 mg and given not sooner than 6 to 8 hours after the previous dose until the desired diuretic effect has been obtained. The individually determined single dose should then be given once or twice daily (e.g., at 8 am and 2 pm). The dose of Lasix (furosemide) may be carefully titrated up to 600 mg/day in patients with clinically severe edematous states.
Edema may be most efficiently and safely mobilized by giving Lasix (furosemide) on 2 to 4 consecutive days each week.
When doses exceeding 80 mg/day are given for prolonged periods, careful clinical observation and laboratory
monitoring are particularly advisable
Geriatric patients
In general, dose selection for the elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the
dosing range
Pediatric patients
The usual initial dose of oral Lasix (furosemide) in pediatric patients is 2 mg/kg body weight, given as a single
dose. If the diuretic response is not satisfactory after the initial dose, dosage may be increased by 1 or 2 mg/kg no sooner than 6 to 8 hours after the previous dose. Doses greater than 6 mg/kg body weight are not recommended. For maintenance therapy in pediatric patients, the dose should be adjusted to the minimum effective level.
Hypertension
Therapy should be individualized according to the patient's response to gain maximal therapeutic response and to determine the minimal dose needed to maintain the therapeutic response.
Adults
The usual initial dose of Lasix (furosemide) for hypertension is 80 mg, usually divided into 40 mg twice a day.
Dosage should then be adjusted according to response. If response is not satisfactory, add other antihypertensive agents.
Changes in blood pressure must be carefully monitored when Lasix (furosemide) is used with other antihypertensive
drugs, especially during initial therapy. To prevent excessive drop in blood pressure, the dosage of other agents should be reduced by at least 50 percent when Lasix (furosemide) is added to the regimen. As the blood pressure falls under the potentiating effect of Lasix (furosemide) , a further reduction in dosage or even discontinuation of other antihypertensive drugs may be necessary.
Interaction
Frusemide or Furosemide is known to interact with other drugs like Aliskiren, Amikacin (Sulphate), Arbekacin, Calcium Gluconate, Captopril, Cefaclor (Monohydrate), Cefazolin, Ceftizoxime (Na), Cephaloridine, Cephalothin (Na), Cephradine, Chloral Hydrate, Cisplatin, Clofibrate, Colestipol (HCl), Desonide, Diazoxide, Digoxin,Fludrocortisone (Acetate), Fluprednisolone, Flurbiprofen, Fluticasone Propionate, Gemfibrozil, Gentamicin, Hydrocortisone, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen, Lithium, Metformin (HCl), Metolazone, Milrinone (Lactate), Nabumetone,Naproxen, Pancuronium (Br), Phenytoin (Na), Prednisolone and Prednisone, Probenecid, Sodium Bicarbonate,Streptomycin, Terbutaline, Tobramycin, Triclofos (Na), Tubocurarine (Cl).These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Sources:
http://www.rxlist.com/lasix-drug.htm
http://www.elephantcare.org/Drugs/furosemi.htm
http://www.druginfosys.com
http://www.drugs.com
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Unknown - Thursday, 11 August 2011
