Myelodysplastic syndrome treatment is very important to lead a healthy life. If the treatment is not done in a perfect way, then a person can be contracted to several recurrent infections, cancer development etc. Myelodysplastic syndrome should not be taken light and the medication must be done under strict medical supervision otherwise it can be fatal.
Myelodysplastic syndrome is a group of of disorder that happens if the blood cells are produced in sufficient quantity due to some problem in the bone marrow. Bone marrow is a spongy material preset within bones where blood cells are produced. Treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes generally focuses on correcting the bone marrow. The treatment options will increase the lifespan of the patients.
Classification of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
There are two chief ways to classify myelodysplastic syndrome. The classification is based on the presence of leukemic blast cells.
Chronic and Non-progressive Anemia: In this type, the count of all the blood cells (RBC, WBC, Blood Platelets) decreases but there is no confirmation of the leukemic blast or cancerous cells in the body.
Symptomatic and Progressive Blood Cell Deficiencies: In this classification, there is a presence of leukemic blast cells or cancerous cells in the bone marrow of the infected person.
Symptoms of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Fatigue: Due to the absence of blood cells, the whole metabolism is affected and thus weakness happens.
Shortness of Breath: As the red blood cells in the body decreases, this in turn decreases the oxygen level. Breathlessness is due to this problem.
Pale Color of Skin: The lack of oxygen due to decreased amount of red blood cells is the main reason for paler looking skin.
Easy Bruising: The bruising becomes easy as the white blood cells decreases in number.
Petechiae: They are tiny pin sized blood dots present just under the skin. Weaker immune system is the main reason for this.
Infections: The lower level of white blood cells makes the immune system weaker and this gives rise to inclination toward recurrent infections..
Diagnosis of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Some of the options for proper diagnosis are given as follows:
Blood Tests: A complete blood test is important to know the actual number of each blood cell present. This helps to figure out the treatment option.
Bone marrow for testing: To know the extent of the defect in the bone marrow, a sample of fluid present in the bone marrow is taken for testing. This fluid is responsible for the formation of blood cells. This diagnostic test will help a lot to tell whether bone marrow transplantation is required or not.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome Treatment
There is no proper treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes. Instead, supportive care can reduce the chances of getting more diseases. Some of the treatment options are given as follows:
Blood transfusions: This is one of the most important options of getting primary treatment of MDS. With the help of blood transfusions, the red blood cells (RBC’s), white blood cells (WBC’s) and blood platelets numbers can be normalized easily. The only precaution to be taken is to find a matched donor and test the donor’s blood to avoid entry of foreign infections.
Medications: Medication is also one of the best options to increase the count of healthy RBC, WBC and blood platelets in the body. There are various sort of medicines that help to increase the count like:
Drugs that increase the count of blood cells produced by the body: Such drugs are often referred as growth factors; these pills are synthetic adaptation of the substances present naturally in the bone marrow for cell production. Some examples are darbepoietin or erythropoietin. They reduce the need of blood transfusions.
Drugs that encourage maturation of blood cell: Many times, the count of cell decreases because they remain immature. Some pills like decitabine (Dacogen) and azacitidine (Vidaza) help the cells to mature timely and properly. However, some people can develop infections with these pills as well.
Drugs for immune system suppression: This is not widely used but if the functionality of the immune system is controlled then count of WBC can be equalized up to an extent.
Drugs to cure genetic abnormality: Some times, the blood count is affected due to the some genetic problem. Some of the medicines that are recommended are Del (5q), or lenalidomide (Revlimid).
Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplant: This is one of the most popular treatment options that can be used in case of bone marrow diseases. In this treatment procedure, the healthy ones substitute the defective bone marrow stem cells. This procedure is easier to carry out in younger patients. In addition, the main issue lies in getting the matched bone marrow donor preferably siblings. Many times, even after the correct operation the patient’s blood count is not normal.
Supportive Care: This primary treatment helps a lot in detecting the reasons for MDS. Proper initial medication is one of the key terms in stabilizing the patient’s condition.
Chemotherapy: This is also a common treatment option. In this method, the malignant cells or the unhealthy cells are destroyed with the help of radiations. Then the healthy cells are placed to increase the production and thus the count of RBC, WBC and platelets.
Myelodysplastic syndrome is a group of of disorder that happens if the blood cells are produced in sufficient quantity due to some problem in the bone marrow. Bone marrow is a spongy material preset within bones where blood cells are produced. Treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes generally focuses on correcting the bone marrow. The treatment options will increase the lifespan of the patients.
Classification of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
There are two chief ways to classify myelodysplastic syndrome. The classification is based on the presence of leukemic blast cells.
Chronic and Non-progressive Anemia: In this type, the count of all the blood cells (RBC, WBC, Blood Platelets) decreases but there is no confirmation of the leukemic blast or cancerous cells in the body.
Symptomatic and Progressive Blood Cell Deficiencies: In this classification, there is a presence of leukemic blast cells or cancerous cells in the bone marrow of the infected person.
Symptoms of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Fatigue: Due to the absence of blood cells, the whole metabolism is affected and thus weakness happens.
Shortness of Breath: As the red blood cells in the body decreases, this in turn decreases the oxygen level. Breathlessness is due to this problem.
Pale Color of Skin: The lack of oxygen due to decreased amount of red blood cells is the main reason for paler looking skin.
Easy Bruising: The bruising becomes easy as the white blood cells decreases in number.
Petechiae: They are tiny pin sized blood dots present just under the skin. Weaker immune system is the main reason for this.
Infections: The lower level of white blood cells makes the immune system weaker and this gives rise to inclination toward recurrent infections..
Diagnosis of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Some of the options for proper diagnosis are given as follows:
Blood Tests: A complete blood test is important to know the actual number of each blood cell present. This helps to figure out the treatment option.
Bone marrow for testing: To know the extent of the defect in the bone marrow, a sample of fluid present in the bone marrow is taken for testing. This fluid is responsible for the formation of blood cells. This diagnostic test will help a lot to tell whether bone marrow transplantation is required or not.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome Treatment
There is no proper treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes. Instead, supportive care can reduce the chances of getting more diseases. Some of the treatment options are given as follows:
Blood transfusions: This is one of the most important options of getting primary treatment of MDS. With the help of blood transfusions, the red blood cells (RBC’s), white blood cells (WBC’s) and blood platelets numbers can be normalized easily. The only precaution to be taken is to find a matched donor and test the donor’s blood to avoid entry of foreign infections.
Medications: Medication is also one of the best options to increase the count of healthy RBC, WBC and blood platelets in the body. There are various sort of medicines that help to increase the count like:
Drugs that increase the count of blood cells produced by the body: Such drugs are often referred as growth factors; these pills are synthetic adaptation of the substances present naturally in the bone marrow for cell production. Some examples are darbepoietin or erythropoietin. They reduce the need of blood transfusions.
Drugs that encourage maturation of blood cell: Many times, the count of cell decreases because they remain immature. Some pills like decitabine (Dacogen) and azacitidine (Vidaza) help the cells to mature timely and properly. However, some people can develop infections with these pills as well.
Drugs for immune system suppression: This is not widely used but if the functionality of the immune system is controlled then count of WBC can be equalized up to an extent.
Drugs to cure genetic abnormality: Some times, the blood count is affected due to the some genetic problem. Some of the medicines that are recommended are Del (5q), or lenalidomide (Revlimid).
Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplant: This is one of the most popular treatment options that can be used in case of bone marrow diseases. In this treatment procedure, the healthy ones substitute the defective bone marrow stem cells. This procedure is easier to carry out in younger patients. In addition, the main issue lies in getting the matched bone marrow donor preferably siblings. Many times, even after the correct operation the patient’s blood count is not normal.
Supportive Care: This primary treatment helps a lot in detecting the reasons for MDS. Proper initial medication is one of the key terms in stabilizing the patient’s condition.
Chemotherapy: This is also a common treatment option. In this method, the malignant cells or the unhealthy cells are destroyed with the help of radiations. Then the healthy cells are placed to increase the production and thus the count of RBC, WBC and platelets.
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Unknown - Wednesday, 4 May 2011
