Dehydration can categorize as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic, based on the severity. Hypernatremic dehydration is usually caused by gastroenteritis, which is due to the formation of gas in the stomach. Another cause of hypernatremic dehydration is by salt poisoning or diabetes. This is a serious form of dehydration, since it can lead to brain shrinkage, venous thrombosis, and subdural capillary hemorrhage. Seizures can frequently occur in this case. Breast-feeding can also cause mild dehydration, but it is quite tolerable.
Broadly speaking, hypernatremic is serum sodium concentration. Hypernatremic dehydration is caused due to greater loss of water than sodium. The best treatment for curing this disease is to increase the level of serum sodium concentration. One of the major symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration is feeling of thirst. Treatment is also controlled water replacement in the body. Other symptoms include confusion, neuromuscular excitability, and coma. The diagnosis of the hypernatremic dehydration is the measurement of serum sodium in the body. Also, monitoring of water deprivation is done to detect the causes other than decrease in water level. So before going to the treatment of hypernatremic dehydration, let us see some of the symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration.
Signs and symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration
The symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration include warm, doughy, dry mucous membranes, velvety skin. The patients may also complain of extreme thirst. Some of the other symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration are as follows:
Diagnosis of hypernatremic dehydration
The diagnosis starts with determining the level of water in the body which is followed by the urine sodium. In the case of hypernatremic, the level of water and the sodium decreases to a great extent. In hypernatremic, there is increased total body sodium but total body water may be increased, decreased or be normal. Urine test is also performed. It is noted that urine sodium will be high if the kidneys are not reclaiming sodium in a proper manner as it should be.
Treatment of hypernatremic dehydration
The main treatment for hypernatremic dehydration is slow correction of the serum sodium concentration. When hypernatremic dehydration occurs, the brain of the patient shrinks. The brain produces “idiogenic osmoles” which raise the tonicity of the cells of the brain and limits the shrinkage of it. If the serum sodium falls very rapidly, then the free water will move from the serum into the relatively hypertonic brain tissue. This causes cerebral edema. Unlike hypotonic and isotonic dehydration, hypernatremic dehydration also involves fluid therapy to be calculated over at least 48 hours. The main objective is to avoid dropping the sodium level.
Correct diagnosis leads to proper treatment of hypernatremic dehydration. One thing should be taken into consideration that hypernatremic dehydration may not be ignored or left untreated because it can lead to further complications. If you find any of the symptoms regarding hypernatremic dehydration, immediately rush to the doctor as soon as possible; otherwise it can lead to life-threatening conditions.
Broadly speaking, hypernatremic is serum sodium concentration. Hypernatremic dehydration is caused due to greater loss of water than sodium. The best treatment for curing this disease is to increase the level of serum sodium concentration. One of the major symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration is feeling of thirst. Treatment is also controlled water replacement in the body. Other symptoms include confusion, neuromuscular excitability, and coma. The diagnosis of the hypernatremic dehydration is the measurement of serum sodium in the body. Also, monitoring of water deprivation is done to detect the causes other than decrease in water level. So before going to the treatment of hypernatremic dehydration, let us see some of the symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration.
Signs and symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration
The symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration include warm, doughy, dry mucous membranes, velvety skin. The patients may also complain of extreme thirst. Some of the other symptoms of hypernatremic dehydration are as follows:
- Lethargy
- Confusion
- Irritability
- Rigidity
- Confusion
- Muscle cramps, especially after exercise
- Nausea
- Depression
- Lack of coordination
- Weakness or fatigue
- Restlessness and agitation
- Increase in heart rate, heartbeat, and blood pressure
- Swelling of tissue
- Retaining fluid in the body
- Eliminating large amounts of urine
Diagnosis of hypernatremic dehydration
The diagnosis starts with determining the level of water in the body which is followed by the urine sodium. In the case of hypernatremic, the level of water and the sodium decreases to a great extent. In hypernatremic, there is increased total body sodium but total body water may be increased, decreased or be normal. Urine test is also performed. It is noted that urine sodium will be high if the kidneys are not reclaiming sodium in a proper manner as it should be.
Treatment of hypernatremic dehydration
The main treatment for hypernatremic dehydration is slow correction of the serum sodium concentration. When hypernatremic dehydration occurs, the brain of the patient shrinks. The brain produces “idiogenic osmoles” which raise the tonicity of the cells of the brain and limits the shrinkage of it. If the serum sodium falls very rapidly, then the free water will move from the serum into the relatively hypertonic brain tissue. This causes cerebral edema. Unlike hypotonic and isotonic dehydration, hypernatremic dehydration also involves fluid therapy to be calculated over at least 48 hours. The main objective is to avoid dropping the sodium level.
Correct diagnosis leads to proper treatment of hypernatremic dehydration. One thing should be taken into consideration that hypernatremic dehydration may not be ignored or left untreated because it can lead to further complications. If you find any of the symptoms regarding hypernatremic dehydration, immediately rush to the doctor as soon as possible; otherwise it can lead to life-threatening conditions.
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Unknown - Saturday, 30 April 2011
